Search results for " Social aspects"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
A Twin Protection Effect? Explaining Twin Survival Advantages with a Two-Process Mortality Model
2016
Twin studies that focus on the correlation in age-at-death between twin pairs have yielded important insights into the heritability and role of genetic factors in determining lifespan, but less attention is paid to the biological and social role of zygosity itself in determining survival across the entire life course. Using data from the Danish Twin Registry and the Human Mortality Database, we show that monozygotic twins have greater cumulative survival proportions at nearly every age compared to dizygotic twins and the Danish general population. We examine this survival advantage by fitting these data with a two-process mortality model that partitions survivorship patterns into extrinsic …
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids intake in children : the role of family-related social determinants
2020
Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids play a central role in neuronal growth and in the development of the human brain, since they are essential elements which depend on intake through diet to ensure an adequate amount. Fish and seafood are the main dietary sources of these fatty acids in Spain and in other countries. In order to assess the effect of the intake of common foods containing high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, a food frequency questionnaire was administered to parents of children and adolescents attending a primary school in Valencia (Spain), and the intake of dietary omega-3 such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was estima…
Self-care appraisal in nursing assistant students: Adaptation, validation and psychometric properties of the Spanish ASAS
2021
The core implication of nursing professionals’ labor is promoting self-care and foster well-being among healthcare service users. The beginning of the healing process starts with the provider, and self-care habits are needed to positively impact on patients’ care outcomes at different spheres. Overall, current literature supports the idea that nurses’ personal self-care should be a necessary skill to be expected in their professional role. In this regard, the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale (ASAS) is a worldwide known instrument aimed at assessing the ability to engage in self-care. However, it has never been tested in the Spanish context before, and much less in nursing practitioners o…
Disentangling the dynamics of social assistance: A linked survey—Register data cohort study of long-term social assistance recipients in Norway
2020
Social assistance is a means-tested benefit that is supposed to be a short-term, temporary economic support. Understanding why some individuals are in repeated or continuous need of social assistance is thus of obvious policy relevance, but the dynamics of social assistance receipt remain poorly understood. In 2005, a survey among long-term recipients of social assistance in Norway collected data on (a) childhood disadvantages, (b) health status, (c) health behaviors, (d) psychological resources, and (e) social ties, in addition to basic sociodemographic information. This rich survey data has been linked with tax register data from 2005–2013, enabling us to explore the detailed characterist…
Does Sedentary Behavior Predict Academic Performance in Adolescents or the Other Way Round? A Longitudinal Path Analysis.
2016
This study examined whether adolescents’ time spent on sedentary behaviors (academic, technological-based and social-based activities) was a better predictor of academic performance than the reverse. A cohort of 755 adolescents participated in a three-year period study. Structural Equation Modeling techniques were used to test plausible causal hypotheses. Four competing models were analyzed to determine which model best fitted the data. The Best Model was separately tested by gender. The Best Model showed that academic performance was a better predictor of sedentary behaviors than the other way round. It also indicated that students who obtained excellent academic results were more likely t…
La política de inmigración en la Unión Europea. Desde tres claves
2005
The European Union's immigration policy regarding the control and management of migratory flow, can be seen from many viewpoints. Of these, three are of particular interest. Firstly, the economic aspect, which is based on reducing the figure of the immigrant to a worker, taking into account the conditions and protection of the European Community's employment market. Secondly, the defensive aspect, which emphasises the need to secure frontiers vulnerable to immigrant migration, in order to ensure both security and law and order. Lastly the social aspect, which focuses on the aim for European homogeneity a reference point for the implementation of this policy and for the need to integrate imm…
Vitamin D deficiency and leisure time activities in the elderly: are all pastimes the same?
2014
Background Optimal vitamin D status is important for overall health and well-being, particularly in the elderly. Although vitamin D synthesis in the skin declines with age, exposure to sunlight still seems to help older-aged adults to achieve adequate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. Elderly people would therefore benefit from outdoor leisure activities, but the effects of different types of pastime on serum 25OHD levels have yet to be thoroughly investigated. Aims To assess the association of different pastimes with 25OHD deficiency in elderly subjects. Methods A sample of 2,349 community-dwelling elderly individuals (1,389 females and 960 males) enrolled in the Progetto Veneto An…
Energy balance related behaviour: Personal, home- and friend-related factors among schoolchildren in Europe studied in the ENERGY-project
2014
Published version of an article in the journal: PLoS One. Also available from the publisher: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111775 Open Acces Objective: To design interventions that target energy balance-related behaviours, knowledge of primary schoolchildren’s perceptions regarding soft drink intake, fruit juice intake, breakfast consumption, TV viewing and physical activity (PA) is essential. The current study describes personal beliefs and attitudes, home- and friend-related variables regarding these behaviours across Europe. Design: Cross-sectional study in which personal, family and friend -related variables were assessed by validated questionnaires, and dichotomized as favour…
Quantifying Excess Deaths Related to Heatwaves under Climate Change Scenarios: A multicountry time series modelling study
2018
Background: Heatwaves are a critical public health problem. There will be an increase in the frequency and severity of heatwaves under changing climate. However, evidence about the impacts of climate change on heatwave-related mortality at a global scale is limited. Methods and findings: We collected historical daily time series of mean temperature and mortality for all causes or nonexternal causes, in periods ranging from January 1, 1984, to December 31, 2015, in 412 communities within 20 countries/regions. We estimated heatwave–mortality associations through a two-stage time series design. Current and future daily mean temperature series were projected under four scenarios of greenhouse g…
Syndicats et dialogue social. Les modèles occidentaux à l'épreuve
2016
International audience; Une même question a été posée à une équipe de chercheurs spécialisés dans les relations du travail dans les principales économies post-industrielles de ce début du 21e siècle : comment a évolué la régulation sociale dans les entreprises depuis une trentaine d’années ? Leurs réponses montrent que les restructurations économiques, l’européanisation et la mondialisation ont conduit à d’importants changements, rarement volontaires, dans les relations entre les « partenaires sociaux » : organisations syndicales et patronales, sans oublier l’État, qui joue souvent un rôle d’arbitre. Ainsi, les modèles nationaux hérités du 20e siècle ont été remis en cause. Les particularis…